Table 2 Ultimate analysis of bamboo chopstick biochar produced at different temperatures and via different methods
Sample | Biochar Yield (%) | Ultimate Analysis (%) | Atomic Ratios | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | H | N | O | H/C | O/C | ||
Microwave Assisted Pyrolysis | |||||||
 BC 200 W | 23.30 ± 2.82 | 73.59 ± 0.22 | 3.79 ± 0.19 | 0.37 ± 0.03 | 21.57 ± 0.19 | 0.61 ± 0.03 | 0.21 ± 0.05 |
 BC 250 W | 16.75 ± 0.63 | 80.24 ± 0.09 | 2.97 ± 0.04 | 0.40 ± 0.00 | 15.85 ± 0.24 | 0.44 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.00 |
 BC 300 W | 13.25 ± 2.19 | 81.38 ± 0.26 | 2.60 ± 0.02 | 0.44 ± 0.01 | 15.10 ± 0.10 | 0.38 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.00 |
 BC 350 W | 12.97 ± 3.02 | 82.85 ± 0.11 | 2.40 ± 0.00 | 0.47 ± 0.01 | 14.57 ± 0.25 | 0.34 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 |
 BC 400 W | 7.85 ± 1.48 | 82.92 ± 0.16 | 2.23 ± 0.28 | 0.43 ± 0.00 | 14.51 ± 0.23 | 0.32 ± 0.04 | 0.13 ± 0.00 |
 BC 450 W | 5.25 ± 0.07 | 76.33 ± 0.19 | 2.01 ± 0.01 | 0.42 ± 0.00 | 14.79 ± 0.25 | 0.31 ± 0.00 | 0.15 ± 0.00 |
Conventional Pyrolysis | |||||||
 BC 300°C | 36.00 ± 2.54 | 68.47 ± 0.18 | 4.10 ± 0.01 | 0.36 ± 0.01 | 25.67 ± 0.06 | 0.72 ± 0.00 | 0.28 ± 0.00 |
 BC 400°C | 26.25 ± 0.64 | 76.31 ± 0.04 | 3.65 ± 0.00 | 0.37 ± 0.01 | 17.36 ± 0.20 | 0.57 ± 0.00 | 0.17 ± 0.00 |
 BC 500°C | 23.39 ± 2.18 | 83.96 ± 0.10 | 3.16 ± 0.00 | 0.40 ± 0.00 | 9.47 ± 0.01 | 0.45 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 |
 BC 600°C | 21.16 ± 0.19 | 81.34 ± 0.08 | 2.47 ± 0.01 | 0.36 ± 0.00 | 12.19 ± 0.19 | 0.36 ± 0.00 | 0.11 ± 0.00 |
 BC 700°C | 19.56 ± 0.03 | 87.28 ± 0.28 | 1.89 ± 0.03 | 0.38 ± 0.00 | 9.37 ± 0.05 | 0.26 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 |